NCLEX Genitourinary Disorders Practice Test

These questions are part of the practice quiz. Start practicing

• In CKD, what dietary modifications are commonly recommended to manage complications?
• A female client diagnosed with condylomata acuminata (genital warts) should be informed about cancer risk. What is the recommended screening?
• After a renal angiography via femoral approach, which assessment should the nurse perform to monitor for complications?
• What is the most likely cause of redness around a stoma with an ileal conduit when changing the pouch?
• In CKD Stage 3, which consideration is important for nursing management?
• What is the role of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) in CKD, and what monitoring is essential?
• Which finding is most indicative of nephrotic syndrome?
• Which symptom is a common adverse effect of sulfamethoxazole therapy?
• What is the purpose of urine culture collection technique, and how can improper collection affect results?
• Which description accurately reflects the role of the LPN in a facility setting?
• A client reports vulvar pruritus. Which finding may indicate an infection caused by Candida albicans?
• Chronic hyperphosphatemia in CKD contributes to which electrolyte disturbance?
• A client with heart failure is found to have a cystocele. Which nursing diagnosis is most likely?
• Which clinical finding would the nurse look for in a client with chronic renal failure?
• A client with dysuria is prescribed phenazopyridine (Pyridium). The nurse should counsel the client that urine will:
• A client is frustrated and embarrassed by urinary incontinence. Which of the following measures should the nurse include in a bladder retraining program?
• What best describes dialysis disequilibrium syndrome and the symptoms you monitor during dialysis initiation?
• Which statement best differentiates bladder cancer from kidney cancer in terms of symptoms and typical age at risk?
• In prerenal acute kidney injury, what lab pattern best distinguishes it from intrinsic AKI?
• Which sequence correctly lists the steps to insert a straight urinary catheter?
• Which nursing considerations are essential for edema management in nephrotic syndrome?
• Which nursing action is essential when caring for a client with a urinary catheter to minimize infection risk?
• Which of the following outcomes best reflects accurate understanding of patient confidentiality in nursing practice?
• Which action is NOT recommended for a patient with an arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis?
• Which action best respects patient privacy when discussing a physician's diagnosis during rounds?
• Which laboratory test is the most accurate indicator of a client's renal function?
• On an acid-ash diet to acidify urine, which beverage must be restricted?
• To treat hyperkalemia in ARF, which combination of therapies is used?
• A client with genital herpes has been diagnosed. Which educational point is essential to cover?
• When initiating a 24-hour urine collection, the collection should start after a known voiding that empties the bladder. True or false?
• Which statement should be included in teaching about urinary tract infection prevention?
• A client diagnosed with condylomata acuminata should be advised to have an annual Pap smear because of increased risk for which condition?
• Which statement correctly identifies the lumens of a 3-way catheter used after TURP?
• What GFR range defines CKD Stage 3, and what does this imply about kidney function?
• Which statement best describes how to respond when a friend of a hospitalized patient asks why the patient is admitted?
• Which findings are characteristic of nephrotic syndrome?
• Which statement about urinary incontinence in the elderly is true?
• A client with a urinary tract infection is prescribed co-trimoxazole (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole). Which medication instruction should the nurse provide?
• What does TURP stand for?
• A client with chronic renal failure asks for more fluids but has strict restrictions. Which option is an appropriate compromise?
• Phenazopyridine is used for urinary tract pain. What is a characteristic urine color change after taking it?
• A patient with renal calculi is experiencing severe pain despite having received pain medication. While awaiting the physician, which intervention can the nurse perform?
• In a long-term care shift, which team member is primarily responsible for supervising treatments and coordinating care?
• Which of the following is essential to educate the renal transplant recipient regarding infection prevention?
• In the oliguric phase of acute renal failure, which action is most appropriate?
• Which statement describes renal osteodystrophy?
• In hospitalized clients, what is the most common source of sepsis in the initial stage?
• A physician informs a client that her renal calculus is small enough that she should be able to pass it without surgical intervention. Which action should the nurse take to help the client pass the renal calculus?
• Phosphorus restriction in CKD is recommended to help prevent what?
• During peritoneal dialysis, which finding would be most concerning for a significant complication requiring medical attention?
• A client with chronic renal failure is at increased risk for which fluid and electrolyte change?
• A client undergoes extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Before discharge, the nurse should provide which instruction?
• Which urinalysis value should be considered abnormal?
• Name two complications of long-term hemodialysis access (fistula/graft) to monitor for.
• Differentiate stress urinary incontinence from urge incontinence.
• In a long-term care facility, which staffing arrangement ensures safe and effective care?
• For a patient with an ileal conduit urinary diversion, which nursing actions are important regarding stoma care and urinary output?
• Why should NSAIDs be used with caution or avoided in CKD?
• To fairly resolve holiday staffing, which method should be used?
• Which laboratory value supports a diagnosis of pyelonephritis?
• A nurse is caring for a patient receiving continuous bladder irrigation after TURP. If 1,800 mL of irrigating solution was used and 2,400 mL was measured in the drainage bag, what is the urine output for the shift?
• What age group is typically at increased risk for both bladder and kidney cancers?
• To ease pain while voiding after a cystoscopic examination, which nursing intervention is recommended?
• Which medication should be withheld before a patient undergoes hemodialysis?
• What stoma color indicates good perfusion and viability?
• A client with suspected renal cancer who refuses to sign the informed consent form for a biopsy: what is the correct initial nursing action?
• Which set of findings best characterizes nephrotic syndrome?
• A client with an indwelling urinary catheter wants to walk to the lobby. Which action indicates proper understanding of catheter care during ambulation?
• A patient with suspected renal calculi presents with severe right flank pain. Which nursing diagnosis should be prioritized?
• Which factor can lead to the formation of renal calculi?
• Before inserting a straight urinary catheter, which initial action should the nurse take?
• Renal transplant postoperative care includes monitoring for signs of rejection. Which symptom would be concerning for acute rejection in the early postoperative period?
• Which statement would a patient with a urinary tract infection most likely report?
• The nurse is caring for a male client with gonorrhea. The client asks how he can reduce his risk of contracting another sexually transmitted disease. The nurse should instruct the client to:
• What is an essential nursing action to prevent infection when a patient has a urinary catheter?
• What is a common atypical presentation of UTI in older adults?
• A client with a suspected diagnosis of renal cancer is ordered to undergo a renal biopsy to confirm the diagnosis. The client informs a nurse that she will not sign the informed consent form. Which action should the nurse take?
• List common signs of acute urinary retention in a male patient with BPH.
• In obstructive uropathy with hydronephrosis, which imaging finding is expected?
• Which sexually transmitted disease must be reported to the public health department?
• A patient with acute renal dysfunction has coffee-colored urine. This finding most strongly suggests involvement of which process?
• Which method is described as fair when resolving competing vacation requests among staff?
• Which finding is typical of nephritic syndrome?
• A nurse is teaching a client how to collect a 24-hour urine specimen for creatinine clearance. Which direction is essential to include?
• A gunshot wound patient is in the ICU after surgery. Which data suggests acute renal failure?
• In acute renal failure, which drug requires dosage adjustment?
• A client who recently had a stroke is being cared for on a unit. Which nursing intervention most effectively promotes urinary continence?
• A classic sign of acute glomerulonephritis includes edema most pronounced where?
• A nurse reviews a client's medical record and notes that a physician ordered an indwelling urinary catheter due to urine retention. Which action should the nurse perform first?
• A male client diagnosed with gonorrhea presents with which symptom likely to prompt medical attention?
• Which class of medication is often first-line to relieve BPH-related lower urinary tract symptoms by relaxing smooth muscle in the bladder neck and prostate?
• Chronic hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemia contribute to bone changes in CKD due to what mechanism?
• In percutaneous lithotripsy, where is the ultrasonic probe inserted?
• What daily fluid intake is recommended to promote passage of a small renal calculus?
• In CKD, why is potassium monitoring important?
• A client with chronic renal failure who receives hemodialysis three times weekly has a hemoglobin level of 7 g/dL. The most therapeutic pharmacologic intervention would be to administer:
• Which symptom is commonly associated with nephrolithiasis?
• Which symptom is most characteristic of bladder cancer?
• Which method best helps monitor supply use on a urology unit?
• For hyperkalemia in acute renal failure, which treatment regimen is used?
• In acute pyelonephritis, which nursing intervention is most important to support recovery?
• Enuresis in children is typically developmental and managed with behavioral strategies and alarms; adults more often require medical evaluation due to retention, infection, or diabetes.
• Which of the following best describes the expected effect after a Kayexalate enema is administered for hyperkalemia?
• Discharge teaching for a client with an indwelling urinary catheter. Which action indicates that the teaching was successful?
• When palpating the kidneys in a GU emergency, which anatomical fact should the nurse keep in mind?
• To treat a urinary tract infection (UTI), a client is prescribed sulfamethoxazole (Gantanol), 2 g by mouth initially, and then 1 g by mouth three times daily. The nurse should teach the client that sulfamethoxazole is most likely to cause which adverse effect?
• Identify two common nephrotoxic medications to avoid or use with caution in reduced kidney function.
• What imaging modality is most sensitive for detecting hydronephrosis and guiding management?
• A urine sample with a pH of 5.2 is best described as which type of solution?
• After TURP, the nurse's first action when a patient reports pain is to review which document?
• What is the primary effect of renal replacement therapy on acid-base status?
• After left nephrectomy, monitoring urine drainage through the indwelling catheter is important because it helps assess what?
• Which condition may cause the intrinsic (intrarenal) form of acute renal failure?
• Which isolation precaution is indicated for a patient with a MRSA infection in a surgical wound?
• When obtaining history for acute onset renal dysfunction with fatigue, oliguria, and coffee-colored urine, which finding would be significant?
• A client comes to the emergency department complaining of sudden onset of sharp, severe pain in the lumbar region, which radiates around the side and toward the bladder. The client also reports nausea and vomiting and appears pale, diaphoretic, and anxious. The physician tentatively diagnoses renal calculi and orders flat-plate abdominal X-rays. Renal calculi can form anywhere in the urinary tract. What is their most common formation site?
• During rounds, a patient with gross hematuria asks the physician's diagnosis. What should the nurse do to facilitate effective communication?
• Which procedure is defined as the surgical removal of a kidney?
• Because of difficulties with hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis is initiated to treat a client's uremia. Which finding signals a significant problem during this procedure?
• Gonorrhea infection in men is commonly associated with which symptom?
• What are typical clinical features of nephrolithiasis?
• A patient ready for discharge after treatment for chronic renal failure should be reinforced with which dietary instruction?
• Which nursing interventions best reduce catheter-associated urinary tract infections for a patient with an indwelling catheter?
• When adjusting medications for a patient with ARF, which drug specifically requires dosage modification?
• Which drug class does epoetin alfa (Epogen) belong to?
• What is the correct sequence to obtain a sterile urine sample from an indwelling catheter?
• Which urinalysis findings are most suggestive of a urinary tract infection?
• WBC casts in urine most often indicate which condition?
• After TURP, what is a major nursing consideration to prevent TURP syndrome and irrigation-related complications?
• A 25-year-old female client seeks care for a possible urinary tract infection. She is prescribed trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim). Which medication is most likely prescribed to decrease pain and frequency?
• Which lab finding would be most concerning for AKI requiring dialysis?
• Where should contaminated dressings from a patient with MRSA be disposed of?
• In a suspected rape case, what should the nurse do first?
• In nephrotic syndrome, which lipid profile finding is typical?
• Which intervention might safely prevent constipation in a client with end-stage ovarian cancer receiving high-dose opioids?
• In the context of urinary tract infection management, which outcome confirms resolution of infection after antibiotic therapy?
• A client in the short-procedure unit is recovering from renal angiography in which a femoral puncture site was used. When providing postprocedure care, the nurse should:
• The correct method to obtain a sterile urine sample from an indwelling catheter includes:
• When performing a scrotal examination, discovering a nodule requires which action?
• Why should cardiac glycosides be withheld prior to hemodialysis?
• If a scrotal nodule is noted during examination, the nurse should:
• Which finding is most consistent with intrinsic AKI over prerenal AKI?
• In CKD-associated hyperkalemia, what is the recommended initial management sequence and agent to shift potassium into cells?
• What metabolic complication is commonly seen in chronic kidney disease due to phosphate retention and decreased calcium?
• Which statement accurately reflects the most common site of renal stone formation?
• After TURP, what is a key assessment topic to prevent postoperative complications?
• A client with acute pyelonephritis is prescribed Septra. Which finding best demonstrates that the client has followed the prescribed regimen?
• What is the most widely used surgical procedure for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)?
• During a routine examination, the nurse notes that the client seems unusually anxious. Anxiety can affect the genitourinary system by:
• Which part of the kidney does the work in urine formation?
• The nurse is reviewing a client's fluid intake and output record. Fluid intake and urine output should relate in which way?
• Which statement best describes laboratory findings consistent with chronic renal failure?
• What is the therapeutic action of loop diuretics?
• A female client with several UTIs is advised to prevent recurrence. What instruction should the nurse give?
• Management of renal osteodystrophy in CKD includes which of the following?
• In CKD, phosphate retention in CKD leads to decreased calcium, stimulating parathyroid hormone release causing bone disease. This statement is:
• Which diuretic is commonly used to manage edema in CKD and what is a major side effect to monitor?
• A client with chronic renal failure has a serum potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L. What should the nurse assess first?
• The nurse just received the shift report on her group of clients. Based on the information she received, which client should she assess first?
• During a pouch change for a client with an ileal conduit, the stoma area is red, weeping, and painful. What should the nurse conclude?
• A patient with suspected renal colic asks about pain management. Which pharmacologic approach is commonly appropriate first-line?
• Which statement best describes a priority when monitoring for acute renal failure in a post-operative patient?
• After hemodialysis, the client is most likely to experience which outcome?
• After MRSA infection in a surgical incision, how should the soiled dressing be disposed?
• Which statement about phosphorus restriction in CKD is correct?
• Postprocedure care after percutaneous lithotripsy: which instruction should the nurse give?
• Which imaging modality best demonstrates hydronephrosis due to obstruction?
• Upon observing signs of possible child abuse (crying child, stained underwear with bloodlike substance), what is the nurse's appropriate action?
• A client with renal cancer asks about the test results before they have been disclosed. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
• A patient with an indwelling urinary catheter is suspected of UTI. How should the urine specimen for culture be collected?
• Norfloxacin for uncomplicated UTI is administered by which route?
• Which nursing diagnosis is commonly associated with urinary elimination problems?
• Before initiating dialysis, what ABG pattern would you typically expect in a patient with advanced kidney disease?
• Which of the following is a function of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
• Which urine characteristic is associated with stone formation?
• Postoperative nursing priority in renal transplantation?
• What is the primary purpose of an ileal conduit in urinary diversion?
• In a client with chronic renal failure, RBC production is decreased. The nurse should monitor for which symptom?
• For a client in the oliguric phase of acute renal failure (ARF), which nursing intervention is most important?
• A client with suspected renal insufficiency is scheduled for a comprehensive diagnostic workup. Which component of the kidney is responsible for the actual work of filtration?
• Which nursing action helps prevent catheter occlusion in a patient with a TURP and continuous bladder irrigation?
• Which finding is most important to monitor for TURP syndrome after TURP surgery?
• A patient returns to the surgical floor after transurethral resection of the prostate and reports pain. What action should the nurse take first?
• In CKD with secondary hyperparathyroidism, which lab pattern is typically seen?
• Why is it important to refrigerate a 24-hour urine specimen?
• Which clinical finding would most likely indicate fluid overload in chronic kidney disease?
• Before administering a Kayexalate enema for hyperkalemia, which statement reflects correct administration and expected effect?
• In CKD with metabolic acidosis, what is the primary compensatory mechanism and its clinical manifestation?
• What are key aspects of caring for a patient with an arteriovenous fistula or graft for hemodialysis?
• In a cystostomy, where is the catheter placed?
• Which statement is a classic indication for initiating dialysis?
• For a client on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, the most appropriate nursing diagnosis is:
• After TURP, a male client has a three-way catheter with continuous bladder irrigation. Which finding suggests the catheter is occluded?
• A three-way indwelling urinary catheter is used after TURP. Besides inflating the balloon, which function do the lumens provide?
• Which action is most appropriate when a patient has not yet learned the results of a test but asks about them?
• Which symptom is commonly associated with kidney cancer?
• Which statement best describes daily peri-care for a catheter?
• The client underwent a transurethral resection of the prostate gland 24 hours ago and has a continuous bladder irrigation. Which of the following nursing interventions is appropriate?
• A neighbor with severe right flank pain should be advised to?
• Rank in chronological order the phases of acute renal failure. Use all the options.
• Renal osteodystrophy in chronic kidney disease results from which combination of mineral abnormalities?
• For a patient on CAPD, which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate?
• Which nursing diagnosis is appropriate for a client with renal calculi?
• At what ages and with what tests is routine prostate cancer screening typically considered, and what is one limitation of PSA screening?
• A client with an ileal conduit reports that the appliance won't adhere and the stoma area is red, moist, and tender to touch. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention?
• Which finding best distinguishes nephrotic syndrome from nephritic syndrome?
• Which statement best explains why a patient with genital herpes should inform their partner?
• Identify one electrolyte abnormality commonly seen in CKD and one bone metabolism abnormality often associated with it.
• A classic sign of acute glomerulonephritis on initial assessment includes:
• In a female client recovering from exploratory laparotomy with an indwelling catheter, which intervention would help prevent a urinary tract infection?
• A patient develops ARF after receiving an IV nephrotoxic antibiotic; with 24-hour urine output 240 ml, the nurse should monitor for:
• To reduce anxiety during urinary catheter insertion, the nurse should instruct the client to:
• Which set of findings constitutes the classic triad of renal cell carcinoma?
• A client with chronic renal failure (CRF) is admitted to the urology unit. Which diagnostic test results are consistent with CRF?
• In renal physiology, which structure is primarily responsible for performing the kidney's work of filtration and urine formation?
• Which statement describes an ileal conduit urinary diversion?
• A client with acute renal failure requires close monitoring. The nurse should be particularly alert for which complication?
• What are the classic signs of acute glomerulonephritis?
• Which statement best describes the lumens of a 3-way catheter used for continuous bladder irrigation after TURP?
• A client with chronic renal failure must restrict her fluid intake to 500 ml daily. Despite having reached the limit, the client is insisting that she have more fluid. Which intervention by a nurse is appropriate?
• Which symptom is most commonly associated with anemia due to decreased RBC production in chronic kidney disease?
• What is a common initial management strategy for pediatric nocturnal enuresis?
• In bladder retraining for urinary incontinence, which initial assessment is appropriate for planning care?
• What are the AEIOU indications for initiating dialysis in kidney failure?